The Who
Insurance underwriters are trained to identify, understand and prevent risks in either life, health, or property and casualty insurance. Property and casualty is a broad field that can include business, home or auto insurance. Their specialized risk assessment knowledge enables them to determine whether they will insure something or someone and for how much. Underwriters decide whether to agree to be financially responsible to the insured if something unexpected or catastrophic happens related to the policy.
So, the underwriter decides if you are worth a monetary risk to cover you and how much premium will be charged if approved.
The What
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics describes what an underwriter does as follows:
- Analyzing insurance applications
- Identifying the risks of insuring applicants
- Screening applicants based on a specific set of criteria
- Evaluating recommendations from underwriting software
- Contacting field representatives, healthcare providers, and others for more data
- Deciding whether to offer insurance
- Determining appropriate premiums and amounts of coverage
- Reviewing and updating the rules for automation software
The difference between the specialties lies in the criteria used to make the decision. For life insurance, examples of the criteria are age and financial history. For health, the main criteria are medical history and age. For auto insurance, underwriters look at driving record, age and type of vehicle. In everything they do, insurance underwriters must strike a balance between risk and caution. Too much risk means the insurance company will pay out too many claims. Too much caution and the carrier will not make enough money from premiums.
The Where
Underwriters work for insurance companies and can usually be found at desk in the company headquarters or a regional office. They use software systems to analyze and rate insurance applications, make recommendations based on risk, and adjust premium rates according to the risk. Sometimes they might work overtime or on weekends, depending on the type of underwriting, and they may inspect the property or vehicle in person. The average salary has been on the rise over the years and depends upon qualifications, education, experience and location.
The How
Insurance underwriters use a software program to recommend coverage and premiums based on the specific data provided by the applicant, and will approve or reject the application after an evaluation of the software results. For simple and common types of policies, such as those for automobile or homeowners’ insurance, the automated recommendations are commonly followed.
For more complicated types of insurance, such as workers’ compensation or business income, underwriters rely on analytical insight and experience. For example, in some cases, a reported bankruptcy or cancer treatment might impact a policy so they will review other sources such as medical records and credit scores.
The How To (become an underwriter)
{from kaplanfinancial.com}
“In general, to become an insurance underwriter, you should have excellent decision-making and mathematical skills, strong analytical and computer skills, and good interpersonal skills. You should also be detail-oriented. You’ll need a bachelor’s degree at a minimum. You do not have to be a finance or business major; however, you should plan to complete mathematics, economics, finance, and business courses. Unlike insurance agents and financial representatives who sell insurance as an investment, you do not have to have a license to become an underwriter. However, in some of the larger insurers, having an insurance license can help you stand out in a group of prospective trainees or associates.
Underwriters who are just starting out are usually required to be an associate for an established underwriter, learning about basic applications and common risk factors on the job. As they become more experienced, they begin to work more independently, and their work becomes more complex. Also, big insurance firms often offer comprehensive training for new hires. Eventually, they no longer need supervision and will work independently as underwriters. Most underwriters participate in underwriting professional development to sharpen their skills and knowledge.”
The Why
The role of an insurance underwriter includes responsibilities such as:
- Evaluating information about the potential client (i.e., age, marital status, medical history, driving record, etc.)
- Using underwriting software to analyze the risk profile of the potential client
- Deciding whether or not insurance coverage should be offered to an individual
- Calculating costs to provide coverage and establish the pricing for the premium
- Developing solutions to reduce the risk of paying future insurance claims
- Analyzing actuarial tables, which is the data provided by actuaries
Although some of the work is automated and is carried out by insurance software, as mentioned above, an underwriter will still be involved with a potential client if a change in risks or change in the conditions of the insurance policy is likely. The underwriter will determine whether or not the insurance company would like to continue with providing insurance coverage or if it will establish new insurance terms with the client.
The End, but actually the beginning
The term underwriter first emerged in the early days of marine insurance. Shipowners sought insurance for a ship and its cargo to protect themselves if the boat and its contents were lost. Shipowners would prepare a document that described their ship, its contents, crew, and destination and go to the local hangout or pub, usually.
An agreed-upon rate and terms were set out in the paper. Business people who wished to assume some obligation or risk would sign their name at the bottom and indicate how much exposure ($) they were willing to accept. These businessmen became known as underwriters. They would get a return on their investment or help cover the loss in the event of an accident.
{From investopedia.com/terms/u/underwriter.asp}

































